Shingle succession summary

Succession of shingle vegetation is a complex process. However, understanding the factors determining the nature of vegetation succession is important when considering management and restoration options. This is particularly significant when attempting to predict the outcome of a specific management operation. It is generally accepted that a greater expanse of shingle and a more stable formation result in a more complex ecological development over time. The quantity and composition of the matrix remains a vital factor throughout the successional sequence on stable shingle formations. It is of greatest importance at times of seed germination because, without it, enough moisture may not be present for growth to begin or to be sustained. A variety of studies have been undertaken that have lead to accepted sequences of vegetation development. These are listed below with links to more detailed information on each:

• Succession on stable shingle - the 'broom cycle', where holly is the 'climax species';
• Succession with complex cycles of scrub development, any species of which might become the 'climax' vegetation;
• A general succession applicable to Great Britain.

The final model is considered to be the most useful in helping to establish the likely sequence and type of vegetation development when considering management or restoration of coastal vegetated shingle.